The rapid development and widespread adoption of AI have driven the booming growth of AI data centers. These facilities are evolving from traditional communication-building structures into a polarized architecture featuring centralized data centers and edge data centers. This transformation has resulted in an increasing number of hyper-scale data centers and edge micro-data centers.

In regions with abundant power and network resources, hyper-scale data centers are characterized by high site concentration and centralized, large-scale construction to support large-model training, inference, and data storage. Meanwhile, edge nodes closer to data sources host edge data centers that enable rapid, localized data processing and lower latency for real-time AI applications.

Power Density Drives Cooling Innovation

The power density of a single rack in an AI data center has exceeded 100 kW and is expected to develop towards 1 MW systems in the near future, posing unprecedented challenges to cooling systems. Similarly, racks in edge AI data centers typically reach 30–50 kW. Traditional air-cooling solutions can no longer cope with such ultra-high heat loads.

To address this, KSTAR has introduced a new generation of liquid-cooling solutions, becoming the ideal partner for next-generation AI data centers. KSTAR manufactures various types of CDU products, including air-to-liquid rack-mount CDUs, liquid-to-liquid rack-mount CDUs, and liquid-cooled cabinets, all adaptable to single-rack, micro-module, or prefabricated application scenarios. These solutions provide efficient and reliable heat dissipation for AI workloads of any scale.

Prefabricated Concepts Accelerate Data Center Construction

KSTAR's innovative product design philosophy, its prefabricated concept, has greatly facilitated the rapid development of prefabricated data centers. Solutions such as PowerFort and containerized systems embody this innovation.

KSTAR's PowerFort integrates high-voltage panels, transformers, distribution cabinets, and UPS systems into a single compact module. With tripping protection pre-designed for each system level, reliability is significantly enhanced. The use of copper busbars instead of cables simplifies installation and increases delivery speed, reducing the traditional two-month construction cycle by approximately two weeks.

Containerized and Modular Solutions for Large-Scale Applications

Furthermore, KSTAR provides complete containerized solutions. Traditional data centers typically adopt a C&S + M&E model, where each system operates independently. This approach not only increases initial investment costs but also complicates management and operation. The future of data centers lies in prefabricated modular construction.

For hyper-scale data centers, multi-container or stacked containerized solutions offer greater flexibility and efficiency than traditional building-based facilities. Prefabricated data centers divide the infrastructure into IT modules, electrical system modules, cooling modules, and data hall modules. Each subsystem is pre-integrated within its module, prefabricated, and assembled in the factory using standardized production processes, ensuring consistent quality across all units.

Comprehensive system-level testing before delivery guarantees high quality and reliability. Modular design enhances scalability, while minimal on-site installation and connection work significantly reduce construction time, project risks, and costs. Moreover, modules can be added progressively as business operations expand, lowering initial investment requirements.

All-in-One Edge Data Center Solution

For edge data centers, KSTAR recommends its All-in-One solution, which integrates the electrical, cooling, and monitoring systems. This helps customers realize the concept of “One Container, One Data Center.” The compact and efficient design allows rapid deployment and easy operation for edge computing environments.

Committed to Customer Value and Quality Excellence

With the motto “Customer Focused, Quality Oriented,” KSTAR continues to leverage its strong R&D capabilities and extensive manufacturing experience to support the rapid development of next-generation AI data centers.

Through innovation in liquid cooling and prefabricated modular design, KSTAR is empowering the global data center industry to build a greener, smarter, and more reliable digital future.